Recognize the Causes of Maternal Death during Pregnancy and Childbirth

There are various causes of maternal death during pregnancy and childbirth. So that pregnant women (pregnant women) can avoid it, let's know what are the causes and factors that can increase the risk of maternal death. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), maternal death is defined as death that occurs during pregnancy or within 42 days after delivery. In Indonesia, Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is still relatively high. Based on 2012 data, the maternal mortality rate is quite high, around 359 per 100,000 per birth.

Some Causes of Maternal Death

The following are some of the causes of maternal death that you need to know:

1. Post partum hemorrhage (PPH)

In developed countries, post partum bleeding or bleeding after labor is the most common cause of maternal death. Bleeding after childbirth can usually occur within a period of days or within weeks after delivery. Post partum hemorrhage is characterized by continuous bleeding from the vagina. If left unchecked, bleeding after delivery will cause shock and organ failure. Bleeding after childbirth can be caused by several things, namely:
  • The uterine muscle that is not contracting (uterine atony).
  • Birth can injuries, such as incisions in the perineum due to episiotomy.
  • Remaining placental tissue left in the uterus.
  • Abnormalities in the process of blood clotting.
  • Ruptured uterus (uterine rupture).

2. Preeclampsia and eclampsia

Pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia and eclampsia, can also increase the risk of death during pregnancy. Preeclampsia is characterized by high blood pressure, the discovery of protein in the urine, and at an advanced level, organ damage will occur. When preeclampsia does not get proper treatment, eclampsia will occur. Eclampsia is preeclampsia accompanied by seizures. This condition is dangerous and needs to be treated immediately. The risk of preeclampsia is higher in women who are first-time pregnant, pregnant women under the age of 20 or over 40 years, overweight, kidney disease, or diabetes, have a family history of high blood pressure, or are pregnant with twins.

3. History of certain diseases

Diseases experienced before and during pregnancy can also increase the risk of maternal death during pregnancy. Especially if these conditions do not get good handling. The diseases in question include kidney disease, cancer, heart disease, tuberculosis, malaria and HIV / AIDS.

4. Sepsis

Sepsis that occurs during pregnancy or after childbirth can cause maternal death. This is because sepsis that is not handled properly will continue to be septic shock. When experiencing sepsis shock, the kidneys, liver and lungs can be damaged quickly. To reduce the risk of maternal death during pregnancy, as much as possible do regular pregnancy checks and control to the doctor. In addition, apply a healthy lifestyle, both before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and after giving birth.

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